What is TMJ?
TMJ dysfunction is a disorder that can cause pain in the joint and muscles that control jaw movement. It is most common among women in their 20s or 40s and 50s. In rare cases, it can also affect babies, as it is possible to be born with abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint.
There are three types of alterations:
Myofascial Pain: It can occur in patients with a normal temporomandibular joint. The syndrome is caused by tension, fatigue, or spasms in the masticatory muscles. It causes pain in the muscles that control the jaw and often results in abnormal jaw mobility.
Internal asymmetry: This is the most common form of joint disorder. It is caused by a slipped disk, poor alignment, a dislocated jaw, or condyle injuries. The most common symptoms are localized joint pain and clicking when moving the joint.
Degenerative and inflammatory disorders
Symptoms
In people with temporomandibular joint dysfunction, problems with the joint and the muscles surrounding it can cause symptoms such as:
Pain in the face, jaw, or neck.
Pain around, in front of, or in the ear.
Pain on both sides of the head.
Pain on one side of the head, which is triggered by clenching the teeth.
Pain in the muscles and/or joint of the jaw.
Limited movement or locking of the jaw.
Stiffness in the jaw muscles.
Difficulty or discomfort chewing.
A change in the way teeth fit together.
Muscle spasms around the jaw.
TMJ disorders can also cause a clicking or grating sensation when opening the mouth or chewing. However, if there is no pain or limited movement, the person likely does not need specific treatment.
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