How to identify and treat temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJ)?

Temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJ) is a disorder that affects jaw mobility and the function of the joint that connects it to the skull . It can cause pain, clicking when opening or closing the mouth, and limited jaw movement. According to the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (AAOMS), approximately 12% of the population experiences symptoms related to TMJ, and it is more common in women between the ages of 20 and 40 (Manfredini et al., 2018).

Síndrome ATM

The causes of TMJ syndrome are diverse and include bruxism (teeth grinding), facial trauma, stress, poor dental alignment, and arthritis . The most common symptoms are jaw pain, difficulty chewing, muscle stiffness, and headache or neck pain . In more severe cases, the disorder can lead to a locked jaw , which limits the ability to open or close the mouth properly.

When is surgery necessary to treat TMJ?

While most cases are managed with conservative treatments , such as physical therapy, splints, or medication, surgery is necessary in more severe cases. Surgical options include arthrocentesis (joint lavage) , arthroscopy, or open surgery, which allows for joint repair or replacement .

Especialista en Síndrome de Articulación Temporomandibular

Postoperative treatment varies depending on the complexity of the procedure. Generally, jaw rest, physical therapy, and a soft diet are recommended for the first few weeks. Full recovery may take several months , but most patients experience significant improvements in pain and mobility .

Especialistas en ATM

TMJ syndrome can seriously affect quality of life if not treated properly. If you experience chronic jaw pain or difficulty opening your mouth, it's advisable to consult a TMJ professional to determine the most appropriate treatment. To schedule an evaluation with a specialist, click here .

References

Manfredini, D., Piccotti, F., Ferronato, G., & Guarda-Nardini, L. (2018). Age peaks of different TMJ disorders: A systematic review . Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 45(4), 271-278. Okeson, J.P. (2019). Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion . Elsevier Health Sciences.